Shotgun engineering fires up mammalian metabolic design

shotgun-engineering-fires-up-mammalian-metabolic-design
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Metabolic engineering

Nature Biotechnology (2026) Cite this article

By testing random combinations of genes at scale, shotgun genetic engineering enables discovery of new productive metabolic pathways in mammalian cells, including solutions for synthesizing two essential amino acids.

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Fig. 1: Shotgun genetic engineering streamlines the exploration of vast synthetic pathway design spaces.

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Author notes

  1. Kshitij Rai

    Present address: Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA

    Kshitij Rai & Caleb J. Bashor

  2. Graduate Program in Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA

    Kshitij Rai

  3. Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA

    Caleb J. Bashor

  4. Rice Synthetic Biology Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA

    Caleb J. Bashor

Authors

  1. Kshitij Rai
  2. Caleb J. Bashor

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Caleb J. Bashor.

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Rai, K., Bashor, C.J. Shotgun engineering fires up mammalian metabolic design. Nat Biotechnol (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-026-03329-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-026-03329-4